Priliminary Outline

In the last decade, graphic novel has been so popular with middle and high school students, and beginning written for elementary-grade students. Graphic novel is a long-form work in the comics form, usually with lengthy and complex storylines, and often aimed at mature audiences. (Wikipedia)

For Jean Piaget, 1896~1980, after his long-time observation, children in 7~11 or above 11 are in concrete operational stage and in formal operational stage. To apply Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory to development of cognitive representation announced by Professor Bruner, 1915~, in Harvor University, we may find out that children of elementary-grade or above it are in iconic representation and symbolic representation. In other words, 7- to 11-year-olds are able to read and are encourage to read graphic novels for they are ready for the great variety of literature that awaits them.

According to an article publised on the internet, in general, graphic novel is popular with 9- to 12-year-olds. Since children in these stages can acquire konwlege by pictures, shapes or memories to object perception which stays in their mental image, and even they utilize symbol and language in literature to pursue their knowlege. Hence, providing graphic novels for juvenile to read timely is quite imperative for children who have had the benefit of a rich literature experience will become fluent and willing readers. (Children's Literature)